Generated by Rank Math SEO, this is an llms.txt file designed to help LLMs better understand and index this website.

# UK-China Transparency: UK-China Transparency (UKCT) was founded in 2023 on the premise that the public deserve more and better information about ties between the UK and China, and that transparency should be a key pillar of our engagement with the country.

## Sitemaps
[XML Sitemap](https://ukctransparency.org/sitemap_index.xml): Includes all crawlable and indexable pages.

## Pages
- [Cookie Policy](https://ukctransparency.org/cookie-policy/)
- [中文](https://ukctransparency.org/%e4%b8%ad%e6%96%87/): 例如，我们研究了中国共产党及中华人民共和国外交人员如何与居住在英国的部分华人建立密切关系，这些人士据称曾涉入严重的有组织犯罪，或与此类犯罪活动有关联。这其中包括明显剥削来英谋生的弱势华人移民者的人士，以及违反英国和中国法律（例如最低工资法）的人士。我们也研究了来英国求学的中国年轻学生如何成为中共相关人员的目标，并因其低层级的政治活动而遭受不当骚扰及国家层面的惩处，例如他们曾参与2022年反对新冠疫情封控措施的抗议运动。
- [Private Sector](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/strategic-technology/private-sector/): This began in earnest with the programme of 'reform and opening up' initiated by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s. China then lacked advanced industries, and the equipment, infrastructure and knowledge required to nurture them. In order to build advanced industries, China had to learn from more advanced industrial economies such as those of Taiwan, the United States, Japan and Germany.
- [Academia](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/influence-engagement/academia/): The focus here, however, is on partnerships in the humanities and the activities of Chinese 'think tanks' in the UK, the relationship between Chinese diplomats and university staff as well as Chinese student groups, Chinese government programmes that take place within British universities, and how these issues are governed by university executives.
- [Subnational Diplomacy](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/influence-engagement/subnational-diplomacy/): Subnational diplomacy can yield significant benefits.
- [Data & Supply Chains](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/cyber-data/data-supply-chains/): Private companies are in possession of huge amounts of commercially valuable data which, if stolen, could enable a competitor to hijack years of work by researchers and gain a commercial advantage in the production of a mechanical tool, say, or some kind of medicine.
- [University Collaboration](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/strategic-technology/university-collaboration/): We have conducted research on this area, for example, a study of some important connections between Cambridge University and the Chinese MIC; and a study on a programme to connect data scientists at Imperial College London to the part of the Chinese MIC focused on the design of military 'unmanned surface vehicles' (intelligent gunboats).
- [Diaspora Repression](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/repression-surveillance/diaspora-repression/): The diaspora is both a source of strength and opportunity, and presents a profound threat: a well organised and resourced dissident movement abroad could play a key role in toppling the CCP, as it did previous Chinese regimes.
- [Exploitation & Crime](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/labour-exploitation/): The past few decades have seen an explosion of Chinese organised crime around the world, driven by the strength of China's economy, Chinese emigration, and the global trade and investment initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative.
- [Strategic Technology](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/strategic-technology/): We study the links between British universities and Chinese entities, including companies and universities. On the military front, the so-called 'golden era' of relations between the UK and China (c.2014-2019) saw a wave of initiatives involving collaboration between British universities and entities in the Chinese military-industrial complex (MIC).
- [Cyber & Data](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/cyber-data/): The data hosted on these systems is valuable and may prove to have immense value, especially as advances in artificial intelligence render data a fundamental resource shaping the potential of new algorithms to surpass human capabilities in some areas.
- [Academic Repression](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/repression-surveillance/academic-repression/): In both science and the humanities, there has been extensive cross-border collaboration. Most of those involved in these exchanges have benefitted from them greatly, and many institutions can attest to the enrichment brought on by Chinese visitors and by academic engagement with China. As for the study of China itself, this may be an intellectual activity of great importance to the future of the UK.
- [Repression & Surveillance](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/repression-surveillance/): This activity may be conducted physically in the UK and dependent territories or digitally from China or elsewhere.
- [Influence & Engagement](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/influence-engagement/): Calls for "engagement" typically promote partnerships and interaction in business, education, culture and government, and are associated with a less security-focused emphasis.
- [Education](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/education/): UK-China Transparency, in partnership with a small boutique consultancy, Velaryn, offers a range of education packages for audiences within the UK's government, Parliament and devolved administrations, for journalists, for people working within the academic sector, for businesses, and for NGOs.
- [Our Work – UK-China Transparency](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/): We divide our work into five main categories, although many of our investigations span several or slip in between the cracks of these. We tend to study phenomena taking place in the UK, not in China.
- [Reunification](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/influence-engagement/reunification/): The historical context is key. Historically, the Han Chinese people who constitute China’s ethnic majority, and dominate the CCP, have occupied a region sometimes referred to in English as ‘China proper’. For most of recorded history, vast swathes of what is today the People’s Republic of China (PRC) were independent of Han Chinese imperial dynastic rule. These areas had majority populations that were not Han. During the 1700s and 1800s, they were absorbed into the empire of the Qing dynasty. This dynasty itself was founded by the Manchus, a distinct non-Han ethnic group originating from a historically non-Han area, today in the north-east of the PRC.
- [Our Team](https://ukctransparency.org/about-ukct/our-team/): Sam is one of the UK’s leading investigative researchers focusing on China, having begun his work on the country in 2020, two years after graduating from Cambridge.
- [PRC cyber-attacks on the UK](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/cyber-data/prc-cyber-attacks-on-uk/): By Dan Smith and Sam DunningUpdated on a rolling basis. Last updated: 25/11/2025
- [The United Front in the UK](https://ukctransparency.org/our-work/influence-engagement/the-united-front-in-the-uk/): In January 2022, MI5 issued a warning to MPs about Christine Lee, a lawyer, political donor and activist whom it said was “knowingly engaged in political interference activities on behalf of the United Front Work Department (UFWD)” of the CCP. This marked the first time Britain’s security services had publicly referred to the UFWD. In fact, it is difficult to find any (online) public reference to the UFWD from any British agency, ministry, parliamentarian, or parliamentary committee (including in expert evidence) prior to 2022 despite its foundation some eighty years earlier.
- [Privacy Policy](https://ukctransparency.org/privacy-policy/): We are a registered charity, UK-China Transparency, charity number 1201902. Our website address is: https://ukctransparency.org. You can contact us at info@ukctransparency.org
- [Funding](https://ukctransparency.org/about-ukct/funding/): In spite of our significant impact and output, we are a small organisation.
- [What Do UK-China Transparency Do](https://ukctransparency.org/): As trade, education, research, and political links have deepened – especially since the 2015 “golden era” – so the importance of work like UKCT’s has grown immensely. China is one of the defining powers of our time.
- [Governance](https://ukctransparency.org/about-ukct/trustees/): Our page on the Register of Charities can be found here. We are never partisan, and do not lobby the public sector for legal changes or policy changes, unless it relates to the promotion of education about UK-China ties and China generally.
- [About UK-China Transparency](https://ukctransparency.org/about-ukct/): The UK and China have a wide-ranging relationship in trade, industry, education, and politics. Connections have grown steadily deeper in the last twenty years, especially since the governments of both countries heralded a ‘golden era’ of relations in 2015. They continue to deepen after the age of lockdown and despite securitisation of the relationship by both governments, especially the authoritarian Chinese Communist Party.
- [Contact Us](https://ukctransparency.org/contact-us/): For general inquiries, please contact us at info@ukctransparency.org

## Projects
- [Internet marketing](https://ukctransparency.org/aasta_portfolio/internet-marketing/)
- [Data Analytics](https://ukctransparency.org/aasta_portfolio/data-analytics/)
- [Market Expansion](https://ukctransparency.org/aasta_portfolio/market-expansion/)
- [The UKCT Library](https://ukctransparency.org/aasta_portfolio/the-ukct-library/)